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　　[02:35.04]Another is that they are more convenient.
　　[02:36.49]另外一个优势就是旅行支票颇为方便.
　　[02:37.94]For this service the bank charges 1 percent of the amount of the check.
　　[02:40.08]银行的这项服务要占支票面额百分之一的费用.
　　[02:42.22]Still another service that banks provide is safe-deposit boxes,
　　[02:44.77]银行还提供了一项服务,就是贵重物品保管箱.
　　[02:47.31]where you can keep important documents and valuable jewelry.
　　[02:49.51]你可以在保管箱里存上重要文件和贵重珠宝.
　　[02:51.70]If kept in you own home,your valuables might be lost or stolen.
　　[02:54.35]如果将贵重物品放在家里,或许会失丢或被窃.
　　[02:57.01]They might also be destroyed by fire or flood.
　　[02:58.81]或许还会毁于水灾或火灾.
　　[03:00.61]Safe-deposit boxes are kept in vaults that are usually burglar-proof and fireproof.
　　[03:03.95]贵重物品保管箱通常存放在防盗、防火的保险库中.
　　[03:07.30]Notes:
　　[03:09.49]Safe-deposit boxes are kept in vaults that are usually burglar-proof and fireproof.
　　[03:15.29]burglar-proof,
　　[03:27.39]a waterproof coat,
　　[03:30.18]a bulletproof car,
　　[03:32.98]a soundproof room
　　[03:35.98]To get a safe-deposit box,
　　[03:37.38]你要想使用贵重物品保管箱,
　　[03:38.78]you would have to fill out a signature card and pay a yearly rental fee.
　　[03:41.18]就得填写签名卡并且付上一年的租金.
　　[03:43.58]You would be given a key to your box,and the bank would keep another key.
　　[03:45.78]你会拿到一把开箱的钥匙,而银行会留存另一把.
　　[03:47.97]It is impossible to open your box without both keys.
　　[03:50.31]没有两把钥匙就不能打开你的箱子.
　　[03:52.65]The banks takes another precaution as well.
　　[03:54.89]银行还采取了另一预防措施.
　　[03:57.14]Before you can open the box,you must sign a slip of paper.
　　[03:59.23]你在开箱之前,必须在纸上签名.
　　[04:01.32]Your signature is compared with the one on your signature card.
　　[04:03.36]这一签名将与你在签名卡上的签名相对比.
　　[04:05.39]You'll not be allowed to open your box unless the employee
　　[04:07.34]你不允许打开箱子,
　　[04:09.29]at the bank is satisfied that the signature is genuine.
　　[04:11.28]直到银行雇员确信签名是真迹后.
　　[04:13.28]One another important service,
　　[04:14.58]还有一项重要服务
　　[04:15.87]one which many businessmen who travel a great deal take advantage of,
　　[04:18.31]就是许多经常旅行的商人所利用的服务,
　　[04:20.75]is the credit card.
　　[04:22.05]即信用卡.
　　[04:23.34]Credit cards are the convenient way of paying hotel bills and other expenses.
　　[04:25.93]信用卡是支付酒店帐单和其他费用的便利手段.
　　[04:28.51]They can also be used for cash advances.
　　[04:30.41]信用卡还可以用来预支现金.
　　[04:32.30]All charges made on your card are sent to the bank,
　　[04:34.46]你卡的一切款项会送到银行,
　　[04:36.61]and you are billed once a month for the total amount.
　　[04:38.31]要求你每月付一次总帐.
　　[04:40.01]There is no charge(except for cash advances) if the payment is received promptly.
　　[04:43.26]除非预支现金,如能及时付款,无需任何费用.
　　[04:46.51]To get a credit card,you must fill out an application
　　[04:48.46]你如果想拥有一张信用卡,就必须填写申请表,
　　[04:50.40]that requires you to supply such personal information as your monthly salary and other income.
　　[04:53.45]提供诸如你每月工资和其他收入之类的个人资料.
　　[04:56.49]If your credit is not good,the bank will not issue such a credit card.
　　[04:58.74]如果你的信誉不好,银行就不会给你发卡.
　　[05:00.98]Of course,this information is kept confidential.
　　[05:02.93]当然这一情况是保密的.
　　[05:04.88]Most of the services described above do not provide a major source of income for the bank.
　　[05:08.13]上述大多数业务并不能为银行提供主要的收入来源.
　　[05:11.38]How,then,does the bank itself make its money?
　　[05:13.27]那么银行是如何赚钱的呢?
　　[05:15.17]Its largest source of income is through loans.
　　[05:17.22]最大的收入来源还是贷款.
　　[05:19.27]The majority of loans made are known as commercial loans
　　[05:21.48]大多数贷款以商业贷款
　　[05:23.68]---loans made to businesses and not to individuals.
　　[05:26.78]贷给企业而不是个人的款项,最为人所熟知.
　　[05:29.87]In addition,banks make real estate loans to individuals for the purchase of houses or land,
　　[05:33.27]此外银行也向想购买住房或土地的个人提供房地产贷款,
　　[05:36.67]and they also give personal loans to people
　　[05:38.65]还向想购买新车
　　[05:40.64]who want to buy a new car or a new appliance
　　[05:42.48]或新设备的人提供个人贷款.
　　[05:44.32]It is hard to imagine
　　[05:45.52]很难想象,
　　[05:46.72]how the complex business affairs of our modern world could be carried out
　　[05:49.22]人们将如何处理现代社会复杂的商业事务,
　　[05:51.71]without the many services that a bank provides.
　　[05:53.66]假如说没有银行提供的许许多多的服务.
　　[05:55.60]Unit 2   Commercial Banks
　　[05:57.15]第二单元商业银行
　　[05:58.69]Section One Advances
　　[06:00.18]第一部分放款
　　[06:01.67]When a trading banker refers to his bank's business,
　　[06:03.72]当商业银行提及其银行业务时,
　　[06:05.77]it means primarily its advance business.
　　[06:07.97]主要是指放款业务.
　　[06:10.18]The provision of credit by way of advances to customers
　　[06:12.68]以放款方式向客户提供贷款
　　[06:15.17]is central to the business of trading banks
　　[06:17.27]是商业银行的中心任务,
　　[06:19.38]because it yields the bulk of their income,
　　[06:21.22]因为放款是它们大量收入的来源
　　[06:23.06]demands the most important policy decisions at every level of bank administration,
　　[06:26.05]需要各级银行管理机构的重要决策,
　　[06:29.04]and constitutes the channel through
　　[06:30.79]并且建立了渠道,
　　[06:32.54]which trading banks exercise the greatest influence on a country's economy.
　　[06:35.64]使商业银行由此对国家的经济产生重大影响.
　　[06:38.73]A bank advance can take two forms,loan or overdraft.
　　[06:41.12]银行放款可以采取两种形式：贷款或透支.
　　[06:43.51]The distinction between the two methods does not matter greatly to the customer.
　　[06:46.32]这两放款方式的差别对客户关系不大.
　　[06:49.13]With the overdraft method,
　　[06:50.28]采用透支方法借款,
　　[06:51.43]the amount of the agreed advance is noted in the customer's account.
　　[06:53.57]银行议定的放款金额在客户帐户上注明
　　[06:55.71]as the limit up to which he may overdraw his account,
　　[06:57.71]作为该客户可以透支的"限额",
　　[06:59.71]and interest is charged only on the daily debit balance.
　　[07:01.90]而利息仅按每日借方余额计息.
　　[07:04.10]In the case of loans,
　　[07:05.25]至于贷款方式的借款,
　　[07:06.40]the whole amount advanced is at once debited to the customer's loan account
　　[07:08.70]全部放款金额同时借记客户的贷款帐户
　　[07:10.99]and credited to his current account.
　　[07:12.64]和贷记其往来帐户.
　　[07:14.29]But since the bank usually allows a substantial interest set-off
　　[07:16.73]但是,由于银行通常同意冲抵较少的贷方余额,
　　[07:19.17]on any smaller credit balance,
　　[07:20.82]而在利息上做出很大让步
　　[07:22.46]the interest payable is much the same as under the overdraft procedure.
　　[07:25.01]应付利息与透支方式的利息大致相同.
　　[07:27.56]The distinction does,however,make a difference to totals of deposits and advances.
　　[07:30.30]然而,这种差别对于存款和放款的总额确有不同.
　　[07:33.04]If advances take the form of loans,
　　[07:34.60]如果放款采取贷款的形式,
　　[07:36.15]new credit granted immediately increases advances and deposits by the full amount.
　　[07:39.25]发放的新贷款立即全数转入放款和存款中.
　　[07:42.34]In the case of overdrafts,
　　[07:43.69]至于透支方式的放款,
　　[07:45.03]advances and deposits are increased only as the overdraft is used.
　　[07:47.72]只有在使用透支的情况下放款和存款才会增加.
　　[07:50.41]If figures for unexercised overdrafts were available and were added to deposits
　　[07:53.22]如果未动用透支的数额有效并被转入存款,
　　[07:56.03]this difference,too,would disappear.
　　[07:57.57]这种差别也就不存在了.
　　[07:59.11]A bank is usually happy to take on new customers,
　　[08:01.02]银行通常乐于接纳新客户,
　　[08:02.93]Notes:A bank is usually happy to take on new customers,
　　[08:08.41]Notes:take on
　　[08:14.92]We've decided to take on a new clerk in the accounts department.
　　[08:17.11]我们决定为会计部聘请一名新的办事员.
　　[08:19.30]but it naturally scrutinizes more closely outside applicants,
　　[08:22.00]但是对于非往来客户申请者,对他们的信贷资信情况
　　[08:24.69]of whose credit standing it has no direct knowledge
　　[08:26.59]不直接了解,自然要仔细地审核；
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